Tin is a common component in most sintered diamond tool matrices produced by Sagwell, whether it is added as a pure metal or part of an alloy powder blend. But what exactly does tin do in these matrices?
1. Low-Temperature Binder & Modifier
In diamond tool matrix formulations, tin acts primarily as a low-temperature metallic binder and modifier, capable of reducing sintering temperatures thanks to its melting point of 231.9°C. During sintering, it melts early to create a liquid phase. This liquid-phase sintering process facilitates particle rearrangement and densification of matrix powders (including copper, cobalt, and iron), cutting the overall sintering temperature significantly—typically to 700–800°C. This is vital for shielding diamonds from heat-induced damage.
2. Enhancing Diamond Retention
Molten tin wets diamond surfaces effectively and forms alloys with other elements in the matrix (like cobalt and copper) through diffusion. This process encapsulates and secures diamond particles, boosting mechanical retention. While tin is inert toward diamonds—meaning no chemical bonding occurs—its mechanical embedding capability remains highly effective.
3. Tailoring Hardness & Toughness
Incorporating tin boosts the strength and hardness of the diamond tool matrix, though it also increases brittleness. When added in the right quantity, tin optimizes the overall mechanical performance of the alloy powder matrix.
4. Pore Filling
Liquid tin can flow to fill gaps between matrix powder particles, enhancing the matrix’s density and resulting in a more uniform, robust structure.
Now you have a clear understanding of tin’s role in diamond tool alloy powders. In our next article, we’ll explore the functions of other key components.
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