The quality of metal powder raw materials is a core determinant of finished diamond tool performance, and iron powder stands out as a cost-effective primary matrix material widely adopted across the industry. When producing diamond segments via cold pressing, raw powder particle characteristics directly impact forming stability, with coarse iron powder and ultrafine iron powder showing obvious property gaps.
Coarse iron powder features larger, irregular particles and poor filling ability. During cold compaction, uneven internal stress distribution frequently triggers green body cracking, edge chipping and low blank density. These defects cannot be fully eliminated in subsequent sintering procedures, ultimately reducing the wear resistance and service life of diamond cutting tools.
High-grade ultrafine iron powder for diamond tools boasts fine, uniformly distributed grey-black particles. Its outstanding filling capacity enables tighter stacking within the mould during pressing. This balances internal stress across the compact, drastically cutting cracking probability and raising the green body’s density and strength.
In sintering stages, ultrafine iron powder lowers sintering activation energy, helping form a dense, consistent matrix structure that firmly locks diamond abrasive grains.
Selecting qualified ultrafine iron powder requires strict control over key indicators, including oxygen content, particle morphology, particle size distribution and powder flowability. Impurities and excessive oxygen will create oxide inclusions inside the matrix, weakening bonding force between metal phases and diamonds.
Manufacturers of diamond saw blades, drill bits and wire saws can adjust the blending ratio of coarse iron powder and ultrafine iron powder to tailor matrix properties. Proper powder grading balances forming operability and sintered mechanical performance, lowering production reject rates and enhancing the reliability of final diamond tools.
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